Fragmentaryzacja społeczna, nierówności i drenaż mózgów
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26485/SPE/2026/139/6Słowa kluczowe:
Słowa kluczowe: fragmentaryzacja, nierówność, drenaż mózgówAbstrakt
Przedmiot badań: Termin drenaż mózgów (brain drain) odnosi się do masowej emigracji wysoko wykwalifikowanych specjalistów z krajów rozwijających się do bogatszych państw w poszukiwaniu lepszych możliwości zawodowych i życiowych. W Afryce odpływ lekarzy, inżynierów i pracowników naukowych osłabia potencjał instytucjonalny oraz pogłębia istniejące nierówności społeczne i gospodarcze.
Cel badawczy: Celem artykuułu jest zbadanie zależności między fragmentaryzacją społeczną, nierównościami a drenażem mózgów w krajach afrykańskich.
Metoda badawcza: Zastosowano zaawansowaną technikę estymacji kwantylowej metodą momentów (MMQREG – Method of Moments Quantile Regression). Próba badawcza obejmuje 47 krajów afrykańskich i okres od 2007 do 2023 r. Model bazowy zawiera trzy zmienne niezależne. Dwie z nich – Factionalized Elite oraz Group Grievance – odnoszą się do obszaru fragmentaryzacji społecznej, natomiast trzecia – Uneven Economic Development dotyczy obszaru nierówności.
Wyniki: Wyniki wskazują, że nierówności, mają stabilny i dodatni wpływ na drenaż mózgów. Wpływ wskaźnika Factionalized Elite jest dodatni i istotny statystycznie w niższych kwantylach, jednak staje się słabszy i nieistotny w wyższych kwantylach. W przypadku wskaźnika Group Grievance obserwuje się odwrotną tendencję.
JEL classification: C31, D62, J24
Liczba pobrań
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