The panoply of the armoured personage from the capital from Bisotun. Remarks on the spread of the military technology along the Silk Road

Autor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26485/AAL/2022/68/12

Słowa kluczowe:

Sasanian armour, Capital from Ṭāq-e Bostān, Early Iranian armour, Lamellar helmets, Eurasian cui¬rasses, Eurasian armour, Xinjiang armour, Early Korean and Japanese armour

Abstrakt

Pancerz postaci przedstawionej na kapitelu z Bisotun, wystawianym w Ṭāq-e Bostān stała się przedmiotem badań już kilkakrotnie, jednak bez konkretnego osadzenia w typologii uzbrojenia, oraz przypisania do trendów historycznych. Artykuł jest próbą wypełnienia tej luki. W artykule określono hełm jako lamelkowy/ laminarny, z lamelkami o ozdobnie wycinanych krawędziach i centralną lamelką nad nosem postaci. Szczyt dzwo­nu zwieńczony jest ozdobnym, masywną sterczyną, do której przymocowany jest korymbos. To odnosi hełm do hełmów lamelkowych z Xinjiang i Chin dynastii Tang raczej niż do wcześniejszych kuszańskich hełmów lamelkowych i typów euroazjatyckich z nimi związanymi, charakteryzujących się płaskim, okrągłym dyskiem na szczycie kopuły, a także zwykle arkuszem nad twarzą, często z nosalem i lamelami biegnącymi wokół kopuły, bez centralnej lamelki nad twarzą i innych rozprzestrzeniających się na jej boki.

Pancerz określano jako kirys złożony z metalowych pasów przynitowanych do siebie i ułożonych poziomo, z cen­tralnym, pionowym pasem z przodu. Typ wywodzi się od partyjskich poprzedników z prawdopodobnymi źródłami wcześniejszymi, achemenidzkimi i hellenistycznymi. Zasugerowano, że kirys z centralnym otwarciem był domi­nującym typem konstrukcji wśród zbroi sasanidzkich. Bezpośredni związek wykazano z kirysami koreańskimi i japońskimi z III i IV wieku (zastąpionymi później przez okrycia lamelowe) oraz typami euroazjatyckimi, głównie z Xinjiangu.

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Skupniewicz, P. (2022). The panoply of the armoured personage from the capital from Bisotun. Remarks on the spread of the military technology along the Silk Road. Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 68, 165–187. https://doi.org/10.26485/AAL/2022/68/12

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